Japanese History

Paleolithic

(35,000 – 14,000 BC)

Earliest known ground stone tools and polished stone tools in the world c.30,000 BCE, a technology associated with the beginning of the Neolithic, c.10,000 BCE, in the rest of the world.
The Paleolithic populations of Japan, as well as the later Jōmon populations, appear to relate to an ancient Paleo-Asian group which occupied large parts of Asia before the expansion of the populations characteristic of today's people of China, Korea, and Japan.

Jōmon period

(14,000 – 300 BC)

Rich in tools and jewelry made from bone, stone, shell, and antler; pottery figurines and vessels; and lacquerware.
Arboriculture was practiced in the form of tending groves of nut- and lacquer-producing trees and early agricultural techniques were clearly used, and there was a wide variety of crops. A domesticated variety of peach appeared very early at Jomon sites.
The Early and Middle Jōmon periods saw an explosion in population, as indicated by the number of settlements from this period.

Yayoi period

(300 BC – 250 AD)

Period is named after the neighborhood of Tokyo where archaeologists first uncovered artifacts and features from that era.
Appearance of new Yayoi pottery styles and the start of an intensive rice agriculture in paddy fields.
A hierarchical social class structure dates from this period. Techniques in metallurgy based on the use of bronze and iron were also introduced to Japan.
Yayoi culture flourished in a geographic area from southern Kyūshū to northern Honshū. Archaeological evidence supports the idea that during this time, an influx of farmers from the Asian continent to Japan absorbed or overwhelmed the native hunter-gatherer population.

Kofun period

(250 – 538)

The leader of a powerful clan won control over much of west Honshū and the northern half of Kyūshū and eventually established the Imperial House of Japan.
Earliest era of recorded history in Japan; as the chronology of its historical sources tends to be very distorted, studies of this period require deliberate criticism and the aid of archaeology.
The Kofun (burial mounds) show in influx of people and ideas from the Korean Penninsula.

Asuka period

(538 – 710)

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